Calcium nitrate

– **Production and Reactivity:**
– Norgessalpeter synthesized in Notodden, Norway in 1905 by the Birkeland–Eyde process.
– Most of the world’s calcium nitrate is made in Porsgrunn.
– Produced by treating limestone with nitric acid and neutralization with ammonia.
– Used to control certain plant diseases like bitter pit and cork spot in apple trees.
– Also sold as Cal-Urea.

– **Waste Water Treatment:**
– Calcium nitrate used in waste water pre-conditioning for odor emission prevention.
– Establishes an anoxic biology in the waste water system.
– Inhibits hydrogen sulfide formation by stopping sulfate metabolism.
– Consumes organic matter to prevent anaerobic conditions and odor emissions.
– Applicable for surplus sludge treatment.

– **Concrete:**
– Used in set accelerating concrete admixtures.
– Calcium ion accelerates formation of calcium hydroxide for setting.
– Nitrate ion leads to iron hydroxide formation reducing concrete corrosion.
– Used in cold weather concreting agents and some plasticizers.
– Enhances precipitation and setting of concrete.

– **Latex Coagulant:**
– Common coagulant in latex production, especially in dipping processes.
– Part of the dipping bath solution.
– Breaks up latex stabilization leading to coagulation.
– Used in forming thin film on formers for latex coagulation.
– Facilitates coagulation of latex on formers.

– **Cold Packs:**
– Dissolution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is highly endothermic (cooling).
– Used in regenerable cold packs for its cooling properties.
– Provides cooling effect upon dissolution.
– Utilized for cold therapy applications.
– Offers a cooling sensation when dissolved.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_nitrate