Roman aqueduct

**Historical Overview of Roman Aqueducts:**
– Romans initially relied on local water sources.
– Aqueducts supported a population of over a million.
– Aqua Appia was the first aqueduct.
– Aqua Anio Vetus was funded by treasures seized from Pyrrhus of Epirus.
– Aqua Marcia was the longest aqueduct in Rome.

**Construction and Functionality of Roman Aqueducts:**
– Aqueducts transported water to cities and towns.
– Water flow was achieved through gravity.
– Aqueduct systems included sedimentation tanks.
– They supplied public baths, fountains, and private households.
– Aqueduct contents were protected by law and custom.

**Expansion and Impact of Roman Aqueduct Systems:**
– Aqueducts sustained a water-extravagant economy.
– They were objects of civic pride.
– Aqueduct building peaked in the Imperial Era.
– Various aqueducts supplied every part of Rome.
– Cities and towns emulated Rome’s aqueduct model.

**Notable Aqueducts in Rome:**
– Aqua Appia, Aqua Marcia, Aqua Virgo, Aqua Alsietina, Aqua Claudia, Aqua Traiana were significant aqueducts.
– Aqua Marcia could supply the Capitoline Hill.
– Aqua Traiana brought clean water directly to Trastevere.
– Aqueducts were added by various emperors.

**Maintenance, Modern Estimates, and Management of Roman Aqueducts:**
– Roman aqueducts were reliable and durable.
– Vitruvius and Frontinus detailed aqueduct surveying and construction.
– Some aqueducts are still partly in use.
– Estimates suggest Rome’s aqueducts supplied a population of 1,000,000.
– Water supply estimates ranged from 520,000 to 1,000,000 cubic meters per day.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_aqueduct