Tension (physics)

**Tension in Physics**:
– Tension is a non-negative vector quantity.
– Zero tension indicates slack.
– Tension in a string is constant along its length.
– Vibrating strings’ frequencies depend on tension.
– Curvature in a string causes a net force and acceleration.
– Tension in 3D materials is similar to negative pressure.
– A rod under tension elongates.
– Stress = axial force / cross-sectional area is crucial in engineering.
– Stress is a 3×3 matrix called a tensor.
– A scalar analogous to tension can be obtained by taking the trace of the stress tensor.
– Strings in modern physics have tension.
– Strings in modern string theory possess tension.
– Energy in strings is proportional to their length.
– Tension in strings is independent of stretching.
– Strings are analyzed in terms of their world sheet.

**Equilibrium and Net Force**:
– Equilibrium in a system means the sum of all forces is zero.
– Tension in a string equals the weight force in equilibrium.
– Equilibrium is maintained when tension equals the weight force.
– A net force exists when the sum of all forces is not zero.
– Acceleration and net force coexist.
– Net force causes changes in velocity.
– In an inextensible string, Hooke’s law applies.

**Solid Mechanics**:
– Branch of physics.
– Study of behavior of solid materials.
– Deals with deformation and failure of solids.
– Includes topics like elasticity and plasticity.
– Important in engineering and material science.

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