**Composite Material History and Examples:** – Composite materials have been used since ancient times, such as straw and mud composites for building construction. – Wattle and daub, dating back over 6000 years, is among the oldest known composite materials. – Concrete, the most widely used synthetic material, sees an annual production of about 7.5 billion cubic meters. – Natural composites from woody plants like trees, palms, and bamboo have been used in construction. – Plywood, invented around 3400 BC, offers enhanced properties compared to natural wood. – Examples of composite materials include concrete, plywood, composite sandwich structure panels used in NASA testing, reinforced concrete, and fiber-reinforced polymers like carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers and glass-reinforced plastic. **Types and Applications of Composite Materials:** – Various types of composite materials include concrete, fiber-reinforced polymers, shape-memory polymer composites, high strain composites, metal matrix composites (MMC), and ceramic matrix composites (CMC). – Applications of composite materials span across buildings, bridges, boat hulls, racing car bodies, and more. – Composites are increasingly used in automotive applications, spacecraft, aircraft, and even robotic materials that integrate sensing, actuation, computation, and communication. – Advanced composites are inspired by natural sources and animals to reduce carbon footprint and enhance performance. **Future Trends and Advancements in Composite Materials:** – Research is focusing on developing composites with enhanced properties like strength, durability, and lightweight. – Exploration of new applications for composites across various industries is ongoing. – Manufacturing processes for composite materials are advancing to improve efficiency and quality. – Sustainability and environmental impact considerations are driving the production of composite materials. – Potential future trends include composites with integrated sensing, actuation, computation, and communication capabilities. **Properties, Advantages, and Products of Composites:** – Composite materials offer advantages like being lightweight yet strong, having high bending stiffness, low density, improved impact resistance, and shape memory behavior. – Products utilizing composite materials range from aerospace components, boat and scull hulls, bicycle frames, racing car bodies, to military vehicles and swimming pool panels. – Prominent examples of products using composite materials include structures of Boeing 787 and Airbus A350, hockey sticks, launch vehicles, spacecraft components, and orthopedic surgery applications. **Manufacturing Processes and Techniques in Composite Fabrication:** – Fabrication methods for composites involve wetting, mixing, and binding reinforcement with the matrix. – Techniques like advanced fiber placement, filament winding, tailored fiber placement, and various molding methods are utilized. – Core materials like foams, balsa wood, and honeycombs are used in composite structures. – Various fabrication methods include casting, centrifugal casting, filament winding, press molding, transfer molding, pultrusion molding, and more. – The manufacturing process for composite materials involves the merging, compacting, and curing of reinforcing and matrix materials in a mold.